Functions of Cutting Fluids

Cutting fluids are lubricants used in metalworking to reduce friction between the tool and workpiece, prevent tool wear, and protect the workpiece surface. Cutting fluids have the following functions:

 

   1. Cooling

Cutting fluids absorb heat generated by friction between the tool and workpiece, thereby lowering the temperature of the tool and workpiece. High temperatures can accelerate tool wear and cause workpiece deformation. Therefore, it is important to use cutting fluids to maintain the temperature of the tool and workpiece at an appropriate level.

 

    2. Lubrication

Cutting fluids reduce friction between the tool and workpiece. As friction decreases, tool wear is reduced and surface finish of the workpiece is improved. Additionally, cutting fluids help to remove chips from between the tool and workpiece.

 

    3. Corrosion protection

Cutting fluids protect the tool and workpiece from corrosion. Tools and workpieces can be exposed to high temperatures and friction during machining, which can lead to corrosion. Therefore, it is important to use cutting fluids to protect the surface of the tool and workpiece

 

  4. Cleaning

Cutting fluids remove chips and other contaminants from the tool and workpiece, keeping them clean. As chips and contaminants build up on the tool and workpiece, tool wear is accelerated and surface finish of the workpiece is degraded. Therefore, it is important to use cutting fluids to keep the tool and workpiece clean

 

  5. Other functions

Cutting fluids may also have other functions, such as improving tool durability and increasing surface hardness of the workpiece. These functions can be performed depending on the type of cutting fluid and the operating conditions.

Cutting fluids are essential lubricants that play a vital role in metalworking. Proper selection and use of cutting fluids can help to improve tool life and the quality of the workpiece.